PRIYANGU (Inflorescence)
Priyangu consists of dried inflorescence of Callicarpa macrophylla Yahl. (Fam. Verbenacem); an erect, 1.2- 2.4 m high shrub, found throughout North and East India ascending to 1800 m in the West Himalayas from Kashmir to Assam, and abundant in Bengal plains.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Phalini, Vanita
Assamese : Priyangu
Bengali : Priyangu
English : —
Gujrati : Lata Priyangu
Hindi : Priyangu
Kannada : Priyangu, Gandhapriyangu
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Njazhal
Marathi : Priyangu, Gavhala
Oriya : Priyangu
Punjabi : Priyangu
Tamil : Gnazhal, Gnazalpoo
Telugu : Prakhanam, Prenkanamu
Urdu : —
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Inflorescence – Cymose, densely clothed with wooly hairs; 2.5-7.5 cm across, peduncle cylindrical, 1.5 – 3 mm in dia; densely hairy.
Flower – 0.5 cm long; brown, calyx, bell-shaped, 4 toothed covered with wooly hairs; corolla, brown, tubular, 4 lobbed spreading; stamens 4, equal in size, epipetalous, anther ovate, basifixed; filament very long, hairy; ovary 2-4 celled; style, long; stigma minutely capitate.
b) Microscopic
Peduncle – Shows more or less wavy outline, epidermis single layered with stellate hairs; cortex composed of 10-18 layers of elliptical, thin-walled, parenchymatous cells, a few upper layers filled with reddish-brown contents; pericycle appears in the form of interrupted ring of pericyclic fibres; phloem composed of usual elements except phloem fibres; xylem consists of usual elements; vessels mostly solitary with spiral thickening; fibres aseptate.
Powder – Brown; shows abundant numbers of stellate hairs, spiral vessels, aseptate fibres, groups of thin-walled, elliptical, oval and round pollen grains with clear exine and yellowish in colour.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 8 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 10 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 14 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
CONSTITUENTS – Glycosides, Terpenes, Phenolic compound, Resin and Saponin.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Tikta, Kasaya
Guna : Ruksa
Virya : Sita
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Pittahara, Vatahara, Rakta, Prasadana, Daurgandhyahara, Purisasangrahaniya, Mutravirajaniya, Sandhaniya, Vranaropana.
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Khadiradi Gutika, (Mukharoga), Eladi Curna, Kanaka Taila, Kunkumadi Taila, Nilikadya Taila.
THERAPEUTIC USES – Daha, Jvara, Rakta-Pitta, Pakvatisara, Svedadhikya.
DOSE – 1-3 g. of the drug in powder form.
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